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pneumonia ( Rispiratory disease ) lungs

NOTES NURSING & MEDICAL STUDENTS Notes for medical student and nursing student 

PNEMOUNIA :-

INTRODUCTION :-

-pneumonia is an infection the inflammation air sacus  in one & both the lung which feel with may be fluied or pus .

-it is an describe the parenchyma or alvealar inflammation.

-it is caused by the bracteria virus fungi , parasites of virious microorganisms.

INCIDENSE :-

- in person 65 year of age & older .

                                


CLASSIFICATIONS :-

1) lobar pneumonia 

2) bronchopneumonia 

3) interstial pneumonia  

1)lobar pneumonia :-

-the lobar pneumonia include the all large or one to more segment of lobes are involven .

-it is on both lungs are involven.

-it is also called the bilatered or double pneumonia .

2) bronchopneumonia :- 

-it begins in  terminal broncholes .

3) interstial pneumonia :-

-the inflamation occurs by alveolar walls interstial tissuse .

TYPE OF PNEUMONIA :-

1) community acquired pneumonia :-

2) hospital acquired pneumonia :-

3) fungal pneumonia :-

4) aspiration pneumonia :- 

5) apportunistic pneumonia :- 

1) community acquired pneumonia :-

-community acquired pneumonia defined as the lower respiratory tract infection on parenchyma with onset in the community or during in the first two days  of hospitalizations
.
 2) hospital acquired pneumonia :-
-people catch pneumonia during hospital  stay hospital for another illness .
- the pneumonia occuring in 48 hours or longer after hospital .
-it is sever type of pneumonia as compaise to the other the type pneumonia .

3) fungal pneumonia :-

-the causetive agent of fungal pneumonia are :- 
-histoplasmosis 
-blastomycosis 
-candidiasis
-actinomycin
-nocardiasis 

4) aspiration pneumonia :- 

-aspiration pnemonia reffers to the pneumonia occurs from abnormal entry into the or subtance  into the lower airway .

5) apportunistic pneumonia :- 

-the apportunistic pneumonia occurs when patient is highly suceptible to secondary infections .

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY :-

- give the etiology factors 

                   ! 

-microbs inter respiratory tract 

                    !

-activations of immune response mucus production cough ,etc

                    ! 

-lower respiratory tract 

                    !

-vasodailations and increse blood 

                    !

-consolidations of mucocytes  ( wbc ) 

                    ! 

- conjections alvoli field with fluid 

                    ! 

-pneumonia 

SIGH & SYMPTOMS :-

- headache 

-fatigue 

-dry cough 

-sore throat 

-vomiting 

-diarrhea 

-fever with chills 

-confusions 

-changes in mental awareness 

DIAGONSTIC EVALUATIONS :-

-history collections 

-physical examinations 

-chest x-ray 

-sputum test 

-ABG 

-blood test 

-bronchoscopy 

-thorasynthesis 

MANAGEMENT & TREATMENT  :-

1 ) ANTIBIOTIC DRUG :-

-amoxicillin 
-amphicillin 
-penicillin 
2) antiviral drug :-
- acyclovir 
-zedaviudine 
-peniclover 
3) antifungal :-
-flaconazon 
-illicoronozon 
-tetocoronozon 
4) cough medicine 
- bromttexine 
-hydrocolon 
-pseadophedrin 



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