MEDIASTINUM :-
introduction :-
-it is a fibrous midline partition b/w two lungs and pleural cavities .
-it contains heart , blood vessels , nerve and trachea .
Anterior - sternum
Posterior - T 5 to T 12 vertebrae
superior - inlet of thorax bounded by 1 st ribs .
medial - manubrium & T1 vertebra
Inferior - Diaphragm m kilo 0n
Lateral - mediastinal pleura
Subdivision of mediastinum :-
-mediastinum is divided into superior and inferior by a imaginary line passing through sternal angle and 14 vertebra .
inferior mediastinum is subdivided into anterior middle a posterior part by heart with pericardium .
1) superior mediastinum :-
- it is the upper part of mediastinum
Boundaries :-
anterior:- manubrium sternum
posterior :- T1 to T4 vertebra
superior :- inlet of thorax
inferior :- imaginary plane through T4
lateral :- mediastinum pleura
Contents :-
1) muscle :-
- sternohyloid , sternothyroid longus colli
2) anterior :-
- arch of aorta , brachiocephalic artery ,left comman carotid & subclavicle artery .
3) vein :-
-superior vena cava ,right & left brachiocephalic .
4) nerves :-
-right and left vagus , parasympathetic and symmetrical trunks & left reccrent laryngeal >
5) tubes :- trachea & oesophagus
6) lymphatics :-
-thymus , thoracic duct , lymph nodes
Middle mediastinum :-
- it is the subdivion of inferior mediastinum .
- it is formed by pericardium & heart .
Boundaries :-
-Anterior :- anterior mediastinum
-Posterior :- posterior mediastinum
-Superior :- plane passing through
-inferior :- diaphragm
-lateral :- mediastinum
Contents :-
-heart & pericardium
- root of ascending aorta & pulmonary trunk
- superior vena cava
- phrenic nerve , deep cardiac plexus
- bifurcation of trachea into 2 bronchi
-trachobronchial lymph nodes .
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