Anatomy of mediastinum

 MEDIASTINUM :- 

introduction :-

-it is a fibrous midline partition b/w two lungs and pleural cavities .

-it contains heart , blood vessels , nerve and trachea  .

                                              

                                           

Boundaries :-

Anterior - sternum

Posterior - T 5 to T 12 vertebrae 

superior - inlet of thorax bounded by 1 st ribs .

medial - manubrium & T1 vertebra 

Inferior - Diaphragm m kilo 0n

Lateral - mediastinal pleura 

Subdivision of mediastinum :-

-mediastinum is divided into superior and inferior by a imaginary line passing through sternal angle and 14 vertebra .

inferior mediastinum is subdivided into anterior middle a posterior part by heart with pericardium .

1) superior mediastinum :- 

- it is the upper part of mediastinum 

Boundaries :-

anterior:- manubrium sternum 

posterior :- T1 to T4 vertebra 

superior :- inlet of thorax 

inferior :- imaginary plane through T4 

lateral :- mediastinum pleura 

Contents :-

 1) muscle :- 

- sternohyloid , sternothyroid longus colli 

2) anterior :-

- arch of aorta , brachiocephalic artery ,left comman carotid & subclavicle artery .

3) vein :- 

-superior vena cava ,right & left brachiocephalic .

4) nerves :-

 -right and left vagus , parasympathetic and symmetrical trunks & left reccrent laryngeal >

5) tubes :- trachea & oesophagus 

6) lymphatics :-

-thymus , thoracic duct , lymph nodes 

Middle mediastinum :-

- it is the subdivion of inferior mediastinum .

- it is formed by pericardium & heart .

Boundaries :-

-Anterior :- anterior mediastinum 

-Posterior :- posterior mediastinum 

-Superior :- plane passing through 

-inferior :- diaphragm 

-lateral :- mediastinum 

Contents :-

-heart & pericardium 

- root of ascending aorta & pulmonary trunk 

- superior vena cava 

- phrenic nerve , deep cardiac plexus 

- bifurcation of trachea into 2 bronchi 

-trachobronchial lymph nodes .